SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Metadata standard</title>

</head>

Metadata standard

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

A metadata standard is a requirement which is intended to establish a common understanding of the meaning or <a href="Semantics" title="Semantics">semantics</a> of the <a href="Data" title="Data">data</a>, to ensure correct and proper use and interpretation of the data by its owners and users. To achieve this common understanding, a number of characteristics, or attributes of the data have to be defined, also known as <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metadata">Metadata</h2></div>

Metadata is often defined as data about data.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-understanding_metadata-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> It is “structured information that describes, explains, locates, or otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use or manage an information resource”, especially in a distributed network environment like for example the internet or an organization.<a href="#cite_note-DeCarvalhoMoura-etal-1998-5">[5]</a> A good example of metadata is the <a href="Cataloging" class="mw-redirect" title="Cataloging">cataloging</a> system found in <a href="Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Libraries">libraries</a>, which records for example the author, title, subject, and location on the shelf of a resource. Another is software system knowledge extraction of software objects such as data flows, control flows, call maps, architectures, business rules, business terms, and database schemas.

<a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a> is usually categorized in three types:<a href="#cite_note-Lambe-2007-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-understanding_metadata-3">[3]</a>

<ul><li>Descriptive metadata describes an information resource for identification and retrieval through elements such as title, author, and abstract.</li>

<li>Structural metadata documents relationships within and among objects through elements such as links to other components (e.g., how pages are put together to form chapters).</li>

<li>Administrative metadata helps to manage information resources through elements such as version number, archiving date, and other technical information for purposes of file management, rights management and preservation.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Available_metadata_standards">Available metadata standards</h2></div>

Metadata elements grouped into sets designed for a specific purpose, e.g., for a specific domain or a particular type of information resource, are called metadata schemas. For every element the name and the semantics (the meaning of the element) are specified. Content rules (how content must be formulated), representation rules (e.g., capitalization rules), and allowed element values (e.g., from a controlled vocabulary) can be specified optionally. Some schemas also specify in which syntax the elements must be encoded, in contrast to syntax independent schemas. Many current schemas use <a href="Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language" title="Standard Generalized Markup Language">Standard Generalized Markup Language</a> (SGML) or <a href="XML" title="XML">XML</a> to specify their syntax. Metadata schemas that are developed and maintained by standard organizations (such as <a href="International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>) or organizations that have taken on such responsibility (such as the <a href="Dublin_Core" title="Dublin Core">Dublin Core</a> Metadata Initiative) are called metadata standards.

Many different metadata schemas are being developed as standards across disciplines, such as library science, education, archiving, e-commerce, and arts. In the table below, an overview of available metadata standards is given.

<th>Name

</th>

<th>Focus

</th>

<th>Description

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Archiving and Social Science

</td>

<td>The <a href="Data_Documentation_Initiative" title="Data Documentation Initiative">Data Documentation Initiative</a> is an international effort to establish a standard for technical documentation describing social science data. A membership-based Alliance is developing the DDI specification, which is written in XML.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>EBUCore<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>

</td>

<td>The EBUCore metadata set for audiovisual content

</td>

<td>EBUCore is a set of descriptive and technical metadata based on the Dublin Core and adapted to media. EBUCore is the flagship metadata specification of EBU,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> the largest professional association of broadcasters around the world. It is developed and maintained by EBU's Technical Department.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> EBU has a long history in the definition of metadata solutions for broadcasters.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> EBUCore is largely used as shown in this report.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> EBUCore is registered in SMPTE. It is also available in RDF.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>The EBU Class Conceptual Data Model - CCDM

</td>

<td>The EBU Class Conceptual Data Model (CCDM) is an ontology defining a basic set of Classes and properties as a common vocabulary to describe programmes in their different phases of creation from commissioning to delivery. CCDM is a common framework and users are invited to further enrich the model with Classes and properties fitting more specifically their needs.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Friend of a Friend (FOAF)

</td>

<td>The <a href="FOAF_(ontology)" class="mw-redirect" title="FOAF (ontology)">Friend of a Friend (FOAF)</a> project is about creating a Web of machine-readable homepages describing people, the links between them and the things they create and do.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Archiving

</td>

<td><a href="Encoded_Archival_Description" title="Encoded Archival Description">Encoded Archival Description</a> is a standard for encoding archival finding aids using XML in archival and manuscript repositories.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Arts

</td>

<td><a href="Categories_for_the_Description_of_Works_of_Art" title="Categories for the Description of Works of Art">Categories for the Description of Works of Art</a> is a conceptual framework for describing and accessing information about works of art, architecture, and other material culture.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Arts

</td>

<td><a href="Visual_Resources_Association" title="Visual Resources Association">Visual Resources Association</a> provides a categorical organization for the description of works of visual culture as well as the images that document them.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Darwin Core<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>

</td>

<td>Biology

</td>

<td>The <a href="Darwin_Core" title="Darwin Core">Darwin Core</a> is a metadata specification for information about the geographic occurrence of species and the existence of specimens in collections.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Book industry

</td>

<td><a href="ONIX_(publishing_protocol)" title="ONIX (publishing protocol)">Online Information Exchange</a> is an international standard for representing and communicating book industry product information in electronic form.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>CWM

</td>

<td>Data warehousing

</td>

<td>The main purpose of the <a href="Common_Warehouse_Metamodel" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Warehouse Metamodel">Common Warehouse Metamodel</a> is to enable easy interchange of warehouse and business intelligence metadata in distributed heterogeneous environments.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Ecology

</td>

<td><a href="Ecological_Metadata_Language" title="Ecological Metadata Language">Ecological Metadata Language</a> is a specification developed for the ecology discipline.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Education

</td>

<td><a href="Learning_object_metadata" title="Learning object metadata">Learning Objects Metadata</a> specifies the syntax and semantics of Learning Object Metadata.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>CSDGM<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

</td>

<td>Geographic data

</td>

<td>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata is maintained by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC).

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Geographic data

</td>

<td>The <a href="Geospatial_metadata#ISO_19115:_international_metadata_standard_for_geographic_information" title="Geospatial metadata">ISO 19115:2003 Geographic information — Metadata</a> standard defines how to describe geographical information and associated services, including contents, spatial-temporal purchases, data quality, access and rights to use. It is maintained by the <a href="ISO/TC_211" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/TC 211">ISO/TC 211</a> committee.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Government

</td>

<td>The <a href="E-GMS" title="E-GMS">e-Government Metadata Standard (E-GMS)</a> defines the metadata elements for information resources to ensure maximum consistency of metadata across public sector organizations in the UK.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Government/organizations

</td>

<td>The Global Information Locator Service defines an open, low-cost, and scalable standard so that governments, companies, or other organizations can help searchers find information.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Humanities, social sciences and linguistics

</td>

<td><a href="Text_Encoding_Initiative" title="Text Encoding Initiative">Text Encoding Initiative</a> is a standard for the representation of texts in digital form, chiefly in the humanities, social sciences and linguistics.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Image" title="Image">Images</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Z39.87" title="Z39.87">Z39.87</a> Data dictionary is technical metadata for digital still images (MIX) – NISO Metadata for Images in XML is an XML schema for a set of technical data elements required to manage digital image collections.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Indecs_Content_Model" title="Indecs Content Model">Indecs Content Model</a> – Interoperability of Data in E-Commerce Systems addresses the need to put different creation identifiers and metadata into a framework to support the management of intellectual property rights.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Librarianship" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarianship">Librarianship</a>

</td>

<td><a href="MARC_standards" title="MARC standards">MARC - MAchine Readable Cataloging</a> – standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Librarianship" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarianship">Librarianship</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Metadata_Encoding_and_Transmission_Standard" title="Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard">Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard</a> is an XML schema for encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata regarding objects within a digital library.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Librarianship" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarianship">Librarianship</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Metadata_Object_Description_Schema" title="Metadata Object Description Schema">Metadata Object Description Schema</a> is a schema for a bibliographic element set that may be used for a variety of purposes, and particularly for library applications.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Librarianship" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarianship">Librarianship</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Metadata_Authority_Description_Schema" title="Metadata Authority Description Schema">Metadata Authority Description Schema</a> is a schema for authority control that may be used for a variety of purposes, especially managing names of people, organization, or geographical areas, and particularly for library applications.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XOBIS<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Librarianship" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarianship">Librarianship</a>

</td>

<td>XML Organic Bibliographic Information Schema is an XML schema for modeling MARC data.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>PBCore<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Mass_media" title="Mass media">Media</a>

</td>

<td><a href="PBCore" title="PBCore">PBCore</a> is a metadata and cataloging resource for public broadcasters and associated communities.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Multimedia" title="Multimedia">Multimedia</a>

</td>

<td>The Multimedia Content Description Interface <a href="MPEG-7" title="MPEG-7">MPEG-7</a> is an ISO/IEC standard and specifies a set of descriptors to describe various types of multimedia information; it is developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Music_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Music notation">Music notation</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Music_Encoding_Initiative" title="Music Encoding Initiative">Music Encoding Initiative</a> is a community-driven effort to create a commonly accepted, digital, symbolic representation of music notation documents.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Dublin Core<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>

</td>

<td>Networked resources

</td>

<td><a href="Dublin_Core" title="Dublin Core">Dublin Core</a> – interoperable online metadata standard focused on networked resources.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Networked resources

</td>

<td><a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Object Identifier">Digital Object Identifier</a> provides a system for the identification and hence management of information ("content") on digital networks, providing persistence and semantic interoperability.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Organizations

</td>

<td><a href="ISO/IEC_11179" title="ISO/IEC 11179">ISO/IEC 11179</a> Standard describes the metadata and activities needed to manage data elements in a registry to create a common understanding of data across organizational elements and between organizations.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Software_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Systems">Software Systems</a>

</td>

<td>ISO/IEC 19506 Standard called Knowledge Discovery Metamodel is an ontology for describing software systems. The standard provides both a detailed ontology and common data format for representing granular software objects and their relationships enabling the extractions such as data flows, control flows, call maps, architecture, database schemas, business rules/terms and the derivation of business processes. Used primarily for legacy and existing systems security, compliance and modernization.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Records_management" title="Records management">Records management</a>

</td>

<td>ISO 23081 is a three-part technical specification defining metadata needed to manage records. Part 1 addresses principles, part 2 addresses conceptual and implementation issues, and part 3 outlines a self-assessment method.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>MoReq2010<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Records_management" title="Records management">Records management</a>

</td>

<td>MoReq2010 is a specification describing the MOdel REQuirements for the management of electronic records.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>Scientific data sets

</td>

<td>Directory Interchange Format is a descriptive and standardized format for exchanging information about scientific data sets.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>RAD

</td>

<td>Librarianship and archiving

</td>

<td>The <a href="Rules_for_Archival_Description" title="Rules for Archival Description">Rules for Archival Description</a> (RAD) is the Canadian archival descriptive standard. It is overseen by the Canadian Committee on Archival Description of the Canadian Council of Archives.<a href="#cite_note-CHIN-45">[45]</a> Similar in structure to <a href="Anglo-American_Cataloguing_Rules" title="Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules">AACR2</a>, it was last revised in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-SAA-46">[46]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>RDF

</td>

<td><a href="Web_resource" title="Web resource">Web resources</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Resource_Description_Framework" title="Resource Description Framework">Resource Description Framework</a> (RDF) is a general method for conceptual description or modeling of information that is implemented in web resources, using a variety of syntax formats.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Financial_market" title="Financial market">Financial market</a>

</td>

<td>The (Financial) Market Data Definition Language (MDDL) has been developed by the Financial Information Services Division (FISD) of the Software and Information Industry Association (SIIA). MDDL is an extensible Markup Language (XML) derived specification, which facilitates the interchange of information about financial instruments used throughout the world financial markets. MDDL helps in mapping all market data into a common language and structure to ease the interchange and processing of multiple complex data sets.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">Law enforcement</a>; <a href="Social_services" title="Social services">Social services</a>; <a href="Enterprise_resource_planning" title="Enterprise resource planning">Enterprise resource planning</a>

</td>

<td>NIEM – the <a href="National_Information_Exchange_Model" class="mw-redirect" title="National Information Exchange Model">National Information Exchange Model</a> – is a community-driven, US government-wide, standards-based approach to exchanging information. NIEM's data domains are growing standards developed and maintained by domain communities. Some sample domains included or being developed in NIEM are: chemistry/biology/radiation/nuclear; justice; intelligence; immigration; international trade; biometrics; emergency management; screening; human services; children, youth, and family services; health; infrastructure protection; military operations; maritime; and surface transportation.

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Shibboleth_(Internet2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shibboleth (Internet2)">Shibboleth</a> has been evolved by Internet2/MACE. It provides a method of distributed authentication and authorization for participating HTTP(S) based applications.

</td>

<td><a href="Security_Assertion_Markup_Language" title="Security Assertion Markup Language">Security Assertion Markup Language</a> is an XML-based open standard data format for exchanging authentication and authorization data between parties. A schema example can be found on OASIS<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> (Advancing open standards for the information society)

</td></tr>

</tbody></table>

Sources:

<ul><li><a href="Data_dictionary" title="Data dictionary">Data dictionary</a></li>

<li><a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a></li>

<li><a href="Metamodeling" title="Metamodeling">Metamodeling</a></li>

<li><a href="Metadata_registry" title="Metadata registry">Metadata registry</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biosharing.org">BioSharing - registry of standards in the life sciences</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

<li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> International Organization for Standardization and the International Electromechanical Commission (ISO/IEC) (2003), Information Technology - Metadata Registries - Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes, ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003(E), International Organization for Standardization, Geneva

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Duval, E. (2001), Metadata Standards, What, Who & Why, <a href="Journal_of_Universal_Computer_Science" title="Journal of Universal Computer Science">Journal of Universal Computer Science</a>, 7(7), 591-601, Springer

</li>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFNational_Information_Standards_Organization2004" class="citation book cs1">National Information Standards Organization (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niso.org/publications/understanding-metadata-2017">Understanding Metadata</a>. Bethesda, US: NISO Press. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-880124-62-8</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Cabinet Office (2006), e-Government Metadata Standard Version 3.1, e-Government Unit, London

</li>

<li id="cite_note-DeCarvalhoMoura-etal-1998-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DeCarvalhoMoura-etal-1998_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeCarvalhoMoura-etal-1998_5-1">b</a> De Carvalho Moura, A.M., Machado Campos, M.L., Barreto, C.M. (1998), A survey on metadata for describing and retrieving Internet resources, World Wide Web, 1, (4), 221-240, Kluwer Academic Publishers

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Lambe-2007-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lambe-2007_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambe-2007_6-1">b</a> Lambe, P. (2007), Organising Knowledge: Taxonomies, Knowledge and Organisational effectiveness, Chandos Publishing, Oxford

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ddialliance.org/">"Welcome to the Data Documentation Initiative | Data Documentation Initiative"</a>. ddialliance.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebu.ch/files/live/sites/tech/files/shared/tech/tech3293.pdf">"EBUCore Metadata Set"</a> (PDF). EBU. April 2020. Tech 3293 v.1.10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806102453/https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3293.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-06.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebu.ch/home">"Home"</a>. ebu.ch. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebu.ch/home">"Welcome to tech.ebu.ch"</a>. tech.ebu.ch. 2021-04-28. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebu.ch/MetadataEbuCore">"Metadata Specifications"</a>. tech.ebu.ch. 2016-05-31. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebu.ch/news/ebucore-here-there-and-everywhere-06feb12">"EBUCore: here, there and everywhere"</a>. tech.ebu.ch. 2012-02-06. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebu.ch/metadata/ontologies/ebucore/ebucore.rdf">"EBUCore"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3351.pdf">"EBU Class Conceptual Model"</a> (PDF). EBU. April 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190808200657/https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3351.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-08-08.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140303214133/http://rdfweb.org/foaf/">"FOAF: the 'friend of a friend' project"</a>. 2014-03-03. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rdfweb.org/foaf/">the original</a> on 2014-03-03. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/ead/">"EAD: Encoded Archival Description (EAD Official Site, Library of Congress)"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/cdwa/">"Categories for the Description of Works of Art (CDWA) (Getty Research Institute)"</a>. www.getty.edu. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://core.vraweb.org/">"VRA Core Support Pages: About the Core"</a>. core.vraweb.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/">"Darwin Core - TDWG"</a>. www.tdwg.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.editeur.org/onix.html">"EDItEUR"</a>. www.editeur.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110709134717/http://knb.ecoinformatics.org/software/eml/">"Ecological Metadata Language"</a>. 2011-07-09. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://knb.ecoinformatics.org/software/eml/">the original</a> on 2011-07-09. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieee-sa.imeetcentral.com/ltsc/">"iMeet Central"</a>. ieee-sa.imeetcentral.com. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fgdc.gov/metadata/csdgm/">"Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata — Federal Geographic Data Committee"</a>. www.fgdc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/02/60/26020.html">"ISO 19115:2003"</a>. ISO. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/">"Govtalk"</a>. 2003-03-22. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030322015836/http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 2003-03-22. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19981202021412/http://www.gils.net/">"GILS"</a>. www.gils.net. Archived from the original on December 2, 1998. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150612040042/http://www.tei-c.org/index.xml">"TEI: Text Encoding Initiative"</a>. 2015-06-12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tei-c.org/index.xml">the original</a> on 2015-06-12. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/mix/">"Metadata for Images in XML Standard (MIX)"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070204135825/http://www.indecs.org/">"Homepage"</a>. Indecs. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indecs.org/">the original</a> on February 4, 2007.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/marc/">"MARC Standards (Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress)"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/">"Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) Official Web Site | Library of Congress"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/">"Metadata Object Description Schema: MODS (Library of Congress Standards)"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/">"Metadata Authority Description Schema: MADS (Library of Congress Standards)"</a>. www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-18.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701013529/http://xobis.stanford.edu/">"The Medlane Project: schema"</a>. 2017-07-01. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xobis.stanford.edu/">the original</a> on 2017-07-01. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090118034425/http://www.pbcore.org/index.html">"PBCore Metadata: Welcome"</a>. 2009-01-18. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbcore.org/index.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-18. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-7">"MPEG-7"</a>. MPEG. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://music-encoding.org/">"Music Encoding Initiative"</a>. music-encoding.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dublincore.org/">"DCMI: Home"</a>. dublincore.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.doi.org/">"Digital Object Identifier System"</a>. www.doi.org. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> ISO/IEC (2003, 2004)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> ISO/IEC (2011)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> ISO (2004)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120223001443/http://moreq2010.eu/">"MoReq2010"</a>. 2012-02-23. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://moreq2010.eu/">the original</a> on 2012-02-23. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011116121741/http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/User/difguide/difman.html">"DIF Writer's Guide"</a>. 2001-11-16. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/User/difguide/difman.html">the original</a> on 2001-11-16. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-CHIN-45"><a href="#cite_ref-CHIN_45-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcip-chin.gc.ca/GetForumRecord.do?lang=en&type=sd&id=FORUM_23118&ens=cnRsTGFuZz1lbiZydGxUeXBlPXNk">"Rules for Archival Description (RAD)"</a>. www.rcip-chin.gc.ca/. <a href="Canadian_Heritage_Information_Network" title="Canadian Heritage Information Network">Canadian Heritage Information Network</a>. June 15, 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2015.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-SAA-46"><a href="#cite_ref-SAA_46-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.archivists.org/groups/standards-committee/rules-for-archival-description-rad">"Rules for Archival Description (RAD)"</a>. Society of American Archivists (SAA). Retrieved 28 March 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140209070752/http://www.mddl.org/">"MDDL: Market Data Definition Language"</a>. 2014-02-09. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mddl.org/">the original</a> on 2014-02-09. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niem.gov/about-niem">"About NIEM | NIEM | National Information Exchange Model"</a>. www.niem.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-metadata-2.0-os.pdf">"Metadata for the OASIS Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) V2.0"</a> (PDF). 2021-06-30. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210630111257/http://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-metadata-2.0-os.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-30. Retrieved 2021-08-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-schema-metadata-2.0.xsd">"OASIS"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Baca, M. (ed) (2002), Metadata Standards, Library Technology Reports, 38, (5), 19-41

</li>

<li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> Bargemeyer, B.E. and Gillman, D.W. (2000), Metadata Standards and Metadata Registries: An Overview, paper presented at the International Conference on Establishment Surveys II, Buffalo, New York

</li>

<li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> Taxonomy Warehouse (2007), Standards and Initiatives, visited on 15-04-2008

</li>

<li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> Wrembel, R. and Bębel, B. (2005), Metadata Management in a Multiversion Data Warehouse, in: Meersman, R., Tari (eds.), CoopIS/DOA/ODBASE 2005, LNCS 3761, 1314 - 1329, Springer-Verlag, Berlin

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NISO-framework-55"><a href="#cite_ref-NISO-framework_55-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFNational_Information_Standards_Organization_(NISO)2007" class="citation book cs1">National Information Standards Organization (NISO) (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.niso.org/sites/default/files/2017-08/framework3.pdf">A Framework of Guidance for Building Good Digital Collections</a> (PDF) (3rd ed.). Baltimore, US: NISO. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-880124-74-1</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/cataloging/metadata/metadataStandards.html">"Metadata Standards and Organizations"</a>. NCSU Libraries. 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-15.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox600" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph222820&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-12-21" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Metadata_standard&oldid=1264230077">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>